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سلطنت بطلیموسی
The Ptolemaic Kingdom was established in Egypt, on the continent of Africa.
In its later days, internecine strife weakened the Ptolemaic Kingdom, which also fell to Rome around 30 BCE.
In addition, the monsoon winds on the Indian Ocean were discovered by Greek merchants from the Ptolemaic Kingdom, leading to a major trans- formation of maritime commerce on that ocean.
Traders from the Ptolemaic Kingdom used the monsoon winds to reach as far as the west coast of India, which is confirmed by the fact that a large number of coins from the Ptolemaic Kingdom have been discovered there.
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